Navigating in Belgium and the Netherlands: Complete Guide

Introduction

Belgium and the Netherlands have a rich maritime tradition, shaped by centuries of trade, fishing, and exploration.

Bordered by the North Sea, these two countries offer sailors a variety of marine landscapes and welcoming ports, ideal for pleasure boating.

The North Sea, although sometimes capricious, is an ideal destination for sailing and coastal navigation enthusiasts, with its dunes, picturesque ports, and towns steeped in history.

Discover in this guide a detailed itinerary to explore these fascinating shores!

Foreword: What to Know Before Sailing in Belgium and the Netherlands

Required Permits

In the Netherlands, a permit (Klein Vaarbewijs I or II) is required for boats over 15 meters or sailing at more than 20 km/h. If you are a foreign sailor, an ICC (International Certificate of Competence) is generally accepted for rental.

In Belgium, a navigation permit (Brevet de conduite) is required for boats over 15 meters or more than 20 HP in inland waters. Again, the ICC or an RYA certification may be required by rental companies.

Weather and Navigation Conditions

Sailing in Belgium and the Netherlands mainly takes place on a vast network of canals, rivers, and lakes, with calm conditions, little swell, and weak currents, making it an ideal destination for beginners or families.

In coastal areas (such as the North Sea or the Scheldt delta), conditions can be more technical, with tides and strong winds, especially in winter or spring. The Netherlands is very well protected thanks to its modern dikes, dams, and locks, ensuring relatively stable navigation even in exposed areas.

The weather is changeable, especially between October and April, but generally mild during the high season.

Port Infrastructure

The Netherlands is a paradise for boating: over 6,000 km of waterways, modern marinas very well equipped (electricity, fuel, showers, Wi-Fi…), automated movable bridges, and impeccable signage. Many ports have visitor spots without reservation.

Belgium, although more modest, also offers an excellent network, especially around Bruges, Ghent, and Antwerp, with a warm welcome in small yacht clubs. There are well-maintained ports, often in the heart of historic cities.

Seasonality

The best period for sailing is from May to September, with a pleasant high season in July and August. Spring (May-June) is highly appreciated for its tranquility and blooming landscapes, especially the tulips in the Netherlands. Autumn (September-October) can still offer beautiful days, but the weather becomes more unstable. Winter is not very conducive to boating, except for well-equipped enthusiasts, as many bridges and locks reduce their operation.

Ostend (Belgium)

What to do in Ostend?

Ostend, nicknamed "the Queen of Beaches," is an essential seaside resort. Visit the Mu.ZEE, a Belgian modern art museum that houses a rich collection of contemporary works and famous Flemish artists.

Stroll along the Albert I promenade, ideal for watching the sunset and enjoying the many cafes and restaurants by the sea.

Don't miss the Mercator, a former three-masted school ship transformed into a floating museum, offering a fascinating dive into Belgian maritime history. The Fort Napoleon also opens its doors to history lovers.

 

Sailing in Ostend

Ostend is equipped with the Royal North Sea Yacht Club, a well-equipped marina that hosts regattas and nautical events throughout the year.

Sailing here is influenced by tides and currents, requiring increased vigilance, especially when approaching sandbanks.

Sea excursions are offered to observe the sandbanks and local wildlife, including seal colonies.

Fishermen can hope to catch sea bass, sole, and cod, which abound in these waters.

Marina: Royal North Sea Yacht Club

 

Zeebruges (Belgium)

What to do in Zeebruges and Bruges?

Zeebruges is the main Belgian commercial port, but it also has a tourist side.

Discover the Seafront Maritime Theme Park, an interactive museum about the North Sea and maritime trade, where you can visit a real submarine.

Also enjoy the vast sandy beaches, ideal for a relaxing break and for watching the boats entering and leaving the port.

For food lovers, Zeebruges is renowned for its fresh seafood, especially its mussels and gray shrimp.

Only 15 km from Zeebruges (about 15 minutes by train or car), Bruges is a must-visit getaway. Nicknamed the "Venice of the North," this medieval city charms with its canals, cobbled streets, and preserved architecture.

Stroll on the Grand Place, admire the Belfry of Bruges and visit the Groeninge Museum to discover the masterpieces of the Flemish Primitives.

A boat trip on the canals will offer you a unique perspective on the city.

 

Sailing in Zeebruges

The marina of Zeebruges offers good shelter for sailors, with modern facilities adapted for yachtsmen.

The strong currents and the intense maritime traffic require careful navigation and good anticipation of tide schedules.

Boat excursions allow you to explore the seal banks offshore and discover underwater wrecks accessible to experienced divers.

On the fishing side, the waters are teeming with mackerel and pollock.

Marina: Zeebrugge Marina (RBSC)

 

 

Vlissingen (Netherlands)

What to do in Vlissingen?

Vlissingen is a dynamic port city in Zeeland, known for its long dike and lively waterfront.

Stroll along the Boulevard de Ruyter, offering a spectacular view of the cargo ships passing nearby.

Visit the muZEEum, a fascinating maritime museum tracing the naval history of the Netherlands. Vlissingen beach is ideal for swimming and water sports.

Only 7 km from Vlissingen (about 10 minutes by train or car), Middelburg is a historic city with a rich commercial past.

Capital of Zeeland, it is full of impressive monuments, such as the Abbey of Middelburg, dating from the 12th century, and the Lange Jan, a bell tower offering a panoramic view of the region.

Stroll through the alleys lined with gabled houses and enjoy the many cafes and restaurants serving local specialties.

 

Sailing in Vlissingen

The marina in Vlissingen is well-equipped and offers direct access to the Western Scheldt. Navigation is influenced by tides and heavy maritime traffic.

Sailors must be attentive to strong currents at the exit of the Scheldt.

Fishing enthusiasts can catch mackerel, bass, and pollock.

Marina: Michiel de Ruijterhaven Port

 

Rotterdam (Netherlands)

What to do in Rotterdam?

A modern and dynamic city, Rotterdam attracts with its avant-garde architecture. Visit the Markthal, an impressive covered market where you can taste local and international specialties under a ceiling adorned with a spectacular fresco.

The Erasmus Bridge, an emblem of the city, offers a breathtaking view of the port and its skyscrapers.

A cruise on the Meuse is an excellent way to discover one of the largest ports in Europe, passing through impressive docks and bustling modern neighborhoods.

 

Sailing in Rotterdam

The Veerhaven Yacht Club is a popular stop for sailors seeking modernity and comfort.

Sailing in the port of Rotterdam is strictly regulated due to the intense commercial traffic. 

It is recommended to follow the marked routes and check the passage schedules to avoid any interference with commercial ships. 

Excursions to the Wadden Sea are offered, where you can observe seals and migratory birds.

The local waters are teeming with herring, turbot, and bass.

Marina: Rotterdam Marina -  List of the best marinas near Rotterdam

 

The Hague – Scheveningen (Netherlands)

What to do in Scheveningen?

Chic seaside resort of The Hague, Scheveningen is famous for its iconic pier, featuring a panoramic Ferris wheel offering a breathtaking view of the North Sea.

 The Beelden aan Zee Museum, dedicated to modern sculpture, showcases impressive works both outdoors and indoors.

The Kurhaus, an iconic hotel in Belle Époque style, is a perfect place for a gastronomic break with an ocean view.

 

Sailing in Scheveningen

The Jachtclub Scheveningen welcomes many sailors, with modern facilities adapted to the needs of navigators. Sailing is influenced by Atlantic swells and prevailing winds, making sea outings sometimes challenging.

Excursions allow you to admire the Zandmotor dunes, a protected area home to many species of seabirds.

Fishermen can find bass, dab, and sometimes lobster.

Marina: Yachtclub Scheveningen

 

Amsterdam (Netherlands)

What to do in Amsterdam?

Amsterdam is an iconic city, renowned for its picturesque canals and unique atmosphere. Take a canal cruise to discover the city from a different angle and admire its typical gabled houses.

Visit the Rijksmuseum to dive into Dutch art, or the National Maritime Museum to learn more about the country's naval history. Finally, stroll through the Jordaan district and enjoy the many cafes and shops.

 

Sailing in Amsterdam

The marina Sixhaven is one of the most popular among boaters, located just opposite the central station.

Amsterdam has a dense network of canals, where navigation is possible but regulated. It is essential to respect speed limits and authorized routes.

For those who want to explore beyond the city, the Markermeer and the IJsselmeer offer calm waters ideal for sailing.

Marina: Amsterdam Marina

 

 

Den Helder (Netherlands)

What to do in Den Helder?

Den Helder is a strategic city of the Dutch navy.

Visit the Royal Navy Museum, which displays submarines and warships.

Take the ferry to Texel Island, where you can enjoy wild beaches and observe seals.

 

Sailing in Den Helder

Den Helder is a gateway to the Wadden Sea. Its marina is well protected, but the currents can be strong. Boaters must monitor the tides to avoid shallow waters.

Fishing is excellent here, with species like turbot and mackerel.

Marina: Den Helder Marina (RNNYC)

 

Harlingen (Netherlands)

What to do in Harlingen?

Harlingen is a charming traditional port in Friesland, known for its picturesque canals and rich maritime heritage.

Stroll through its historic center where many buildings date back to the 17th century, and visit the Hannemahuis, a museum dedicated to local history and the former fishing industry.

Harlingen is also the ideal starting point for an excursion to the Wadden Islands, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

 

Sailing in Harlingen

The Harlingen marina is one of the most welcoming in the Netherlands, offering direct access to the Wadden Sea.

Sailors must be attentive to tides and shifting sandbanks. The region is popular for traditional sailing on skûtsjes, typical Frisian sailboats.

On the fishing side, the waters are home to many flatfish such as sole and plaice.

Marina: Jachthaven Harligen (HWSV)

 

 

Main lakes and navigable rivers in Belgium and the Netherlands

Besides the North Sea, Belgium and the Netherlands have a dense network of rivers and lakes offering excellent opportunities for inland waterway navigation. Among the most notable are:

• The Scheldt: This river crosses Belgium and the Netherlands, connecting Antwerp to the North Sea. It is essential for trade and also offers pleasant routes for river navigation.

• Lake IJsselmeer: Formerly an inland sea of the Netherlands, the IJsselmeer is now a vast freshwater lake, popular with boaters and sailing enthusiasts.

• The Markermeer: Located south of the IJsselmeer, this artificial lake is ideal for relaxing cruises and water activities.

• The Dutch canal network: Connecting cities and villages, these canals allow for peaceful navigation through typical landscapes, notably between Amsterdam, Utrecht, and Rotterdam.

• The Meuse: Flowing from the Belgian Ardennes to the Netherlands, the Meuse is a major waterway suitable for long boat excursions.

 

Conclusion

With this guide, you have all the keys for a successful maritime adventure in Belgium and the Netherlands. Whether you are a sailing enthusiast, motorized navigation fan, or simply curious to discover these magnificent coasts, each stop promises its share of discoveries and nautical pleasures.

Do you want to extend your epic to the side of France?

Discover our dedicated guides to navigation in the North Sea and English Channel, and to navigation along the French Atlantic coast!